Igor Žunkovič’s monograph critically examines and systematises evolutionary-theoretical approaches to the understanding of literature, which mostly draw from philosophical and scientific theories of the second half of the 20th century, especially from cognitive science and (especially) evolutionary psychology. One of the features of Žunkovič’s monograph is that – although the author expresses his conviction and arguments in support of the so-called literary Darwinist approach – for all four fundamental directions, it shows that they do not completely exhaust the science of literature. The author develops a distinctly interdisciplinary point of view of contemporary humanities that he intertwines with the theory of evolution, cognitive psychology and neuroscience, but does not get lost in the broad spectrum because he focuses on the meaning of certain scientific disciplines and their claims for understanding literature, while emphasizing that evolutionary approaches to literature are only useful if they place literature at the center of their interest and do not see it only as a means of their own self-affirmation.